A new project of collecting informations and instrument making.


Um novo projeto de pesquisa e levantamento de informações sobre o Baryton da Gamba (Gambarítono). Em português, inicialmente.
Várias postagens ainda estão em fase de construção.

A new project of collecting informations and instrument making. In Portuguese.
The posts are still under construction.






terça-feira, 26 de julho de 2011

Owen Morse-Brown: 1 baryton barroco e 2 barytons clássicos

Owen Morse-Brown apresenta em seu site um baryton "barroco", baseado no de Hans Kögl (Vienna 1679) que é muito parecido com o de Magnus Feldlen (Vienna 1656). Tem braço de desenho próprio e a figura de Orfeu tocando a lira sobre o cravelhame baseada no baryton de Jacques Sainprae (Berlim ca. 1720).

E dois barytons "clássicos", baseados nos dois Stadlmann (J.J. e D.A.), um com a cabeça de um guerreiro coreano (a encomenda é de um músico sul-coreano) e o outro com uma cabeça de leão, este tocado por José Manuel Hernández do Trio Baryton de Madrid. São belos instrumentos (com ressalva para a escultura do leão e o rosto de Orpheu, não totalmente de meu gosto, mas o guerreiro é estupendo). Ambos têm 6 + 10 cordas; laterais e fundo de bordo olho-de-passarinho [maple birds-eye], beiradas com peças alternadas de ébano e holly [azevinho]; ornatos baseados em instrumentos de Joachim Tielke, um deles de 1686, do Museu Victoria e Albert, de Londres.

* * * * * *
Detalhes e fotos do site dele:

The baroque baryton is principally a self accompanying solo instrument with its plucked strings tuned one octave below those of the more familiar classical instrument. This means the plucked strings provide a bass line accompaniment to the bowed gut strings which are tuned in the manner of a lute - A, d, f/f#, a, d', f'. The instruments that survive from the 17th century on the whole have 9 or 10 wire strings that are tuned with wrest pins set into the bridge. However, contemporary sources do mention instruments with up to 18 wire strings including some with a third manual of strings to the left of the fingerboard. The instrument pictured here has 16 enabling much of the repertoire to be played without having to retune too often. The body of this instrument is copied from an instrument by Hans Kögel (Vienna 1679) which is also very similar to one by Magnus Felden (Vienna 1656) now in the Royal College of Music Instrument Museum in London. The neck is to my own design and the figure sitting on the pegbox is from an instrument in the Victoria & Albert museum by Jacques Sainprae (c. 1720) I would be happy to work on instruments with more plucked/sympathetic strings including those with a third manual too.

http://www.owenmorse-brown.com/baroquebaryton.htm


These are classical barytons based on instruments by the Stadlmanns (D. A. Stadlmann c.1715 & J.J. Stadlmann 1750 - once in the possession of Haydn's patron Prince Nikolaus Esterhazy). They have six bowed strings at the front tuned in the same way as a bass viol, and 10 wire (brass & iron) sympathetic/plucked strings that run underneath the bridge and behind the fingerboard. These are tuned A, d, e, f#, g, a, b, c#', d', e'. The repertoire consists of over 100 trios (baryton, viola, violoncello), solos, duos, quintets, octets, concertos and a cantata by Haydn as well as divertimentos and duets by Tomasini, Purksteiner and Neuman. Composers such as Deleschin, Giuseppe di Fauner and Fiala also contributed to the repertoire with unaccompanied works, songs, quintets and duets.
The first instrument pictured has a Korean warriors head (made for a customer in South Korea) with fingerboard and tailpiece decorations based on designs from instruments by Joachim Tielke. The second instrument pictured has a lions head and a fretted string cover both of which are again taken from an instrument by Joachim Tielke (1686) now in the Victoria & Albert Museum in London. The back and sides of both are made from birds eye maple and the edging is made of alternate pieces of holly and ebony.
These instruments can also be made with 7 bowed strings and up to 18 wire strings.
String length 67.5cm]




http://www.owenmorse-brown.com/classicalbaryton.htm


Hauschka Ensemble [Jeremy Brooker e R Hutchinson]

Hauschka Ensemble [Jeremy Brooker e Roland Hutchinson]


luthier James Mackey 1990 to JeremyBrooker:










[AGUARDE]

Trio Baryton de Madrid (dois instrumentos de Owen Morse-Brown)

Dois barytons do luthier Owen Morse-Brown:

1) O baryton "clássico" do Trio Baryton de Madrid tem 6 + 8 (?) cordas

[cabeça de leão não muito atraente; belo vazado na escala; fundo e lateral de bordo acolchoado [quilted maple] (ou olho-de-passarinho?); beiradas em duas cores, preto e branco, parecendo sintéticas, de plástico [será osso?], com belo efeito; fundo com dobra superior como nas violas da gamba; cavaletes individuais para cordas simpáticas]





2) O baryton "barroco" do Trio Baryton de Madrid foi feito por Owen Morse-Brown baseado no de Hans Kögl, com 16 cordas simpáticas (22 cordas no total)

[cavalete transversal (parece bordo com filete metálico, talvez de latão); escala dedilhada e cordal com marchetados em branco; escala não dedilhada em bordo tigrado sem ornatos; tocador de lira de corpo inteiro (baseado no Orfeu de Jacques Sainprae, mas o rosto não ficou atraente - ver outras postagens) sentado no cravelhame que apresenta ponta virada e plana; placa frontal decorada no meio do cravelhame; os furos no tampo são chamas duplas e opostas bem simples]



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Mais no site:


This instrument [Bordon or Barydon] ... is, however, one of the most charming of instruments

Leopold Mozart, Violinschule, 1756.


The baryton or viola di bordone could be more accurately named a "viola da gamba d´amore". This is because in addition to the 6 or 7 gut strings played with the bow it has between 9 and 22 metal sympathetic strings that run behind the open neck. These not only help to make the sound stronger, brighter and more vivid by vibrating in sympathy, but can also be plucked by the thumb of the left hand.

In this way the baryton can be seen as a combination of two instruments; a viola da gamba and a harp. To bow and to pluck at the same time is, however, a difficult technique that few have mastered and is perhaps the reason that the baryton has not been more widely played and composed for over the centuries.

Although its origins are in the seventeenth century, the golden age of the baryton was at the court of Joseph Haydn’s patron Prince Nikolaus Esterházy (1714 - 1790). The Prince loved the baryton tremendously, and as well as being a player himself, several of his musicians were renowned for their ability (Joseph Weigl, Andreas Lidl, Carl Franz and Haydn himself). As director of music at Eisenstadt Haydn was required to compose a considerable amount of music for the baryton in varying chamber music combinations. There are around 175 works, of which 126 are for baryton, viola and violoncello. Music for baryton was also composed by others at the Esterházy Court including Luigi Tomasini, Joseph Pucksteiner, Anton Kraft and Anton Neumann.

Besides three-part texture, Haydn often achieves the clarity of two-part writing, usually in the menuets, by having the baryton and viola play in unison. On the other hand, the richness of sound is often the result of broken chords and double stops in the viola part. It is curious that Haydn never included the violin in this string combination, perhaps searching for a fresh sound. The timbre he does achieve however is not only the result of the ‘harp’ strings but also his imagination for varying textures displaying his keen ear for instrumental colour and variety.



Link

Barytons argentinos dos luthiers Matias Crom e Leopoldo Perez Robledo

2 barytons dos luthiers Matías Crom Molinari e Leopoldo Pérez Robledo (Buenos Aires - Argentina - 2008)




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Informações do site:

Baryton
según / after
Daniel Achatius Stadlmann, Wien 1715
(original in Musikinstrumentenmuseum in Leipzig)

Siete cuerdas frotadas / Seven bowed strings:
AA - D - G - c - e - a - d'

Nueve cuerdas de simpatía o pulsadas / Nine simphathetic or back plucked strings:
A - d - e - f# - g - a - b - c#' - d'

Matías Crom & Leopoldo Pérez Robledo
Luthiers
Buenos Aires - Argentina - 2008

USD 5.400.-
(disponibles para entrega inmediata)
Uppon orders / por encargo: USD 4,500.

Baryton
El baryton o viola di bordone o viola di pardone, puede ser calificado como una viola da gamba d´amore. Esto es porque además de las 6 ó 7 cuerdas de tripa tocadas con el arco, tiene entre 9 y 22 cuerdas simpáticas de metal bajo el mango. Estas cuerdas no sólo ayudan a aumentar la sonoridad, hacerla más brillante y más vívida al vibrar por simpatía, sino que también son punteadas por el pulgar de la mano izquierda.
De esta manera el baryton puede ser visto como una combinación de dos instrumentos: una viola de gamba y un arpa. Tocar con el arco y pulsar las cuerdas al mismo tiempo es, sin embargo, una técnica difícil que pocos logran dominar, y es quizás la razón por la cual el instrumento ha tenido un limitado número de intérpretes y compositores a lo largo de los siglos.
Aunque sus orígenes se encuentran en el siglo XVII, la edad de oro del baryton tuvo lugar en la corte del patrón de Joseph Haydn: el Príncipe Nikolaus Esterházy (1714 – 1790). El Príncipe amaba el baryton tremendamente, siendo intérprete él mismo. Varios de sus músicos fueron famosos por su habilidad con el instrumento (Joseph Weigl, Andreas Lidl, Carl Franz y el mismo Haydn). Como director de Música en Eisenstadt, Haydn fue requerido para componer una considerable cantidad de música para baryton en diversas formaciones de cámara. De las alrededor de 175 obras, 123 lo son para baryton, viola y violonchelo, y son conocidos como los “tríos para baryton”. Encontramos más ejemplos de música para baryton en otros compositores del entorno de la Corte de Esterházy: Luigi Tomasini, Joseph Pucksteiner, Anton Kraft y Anton Neumann.


The baryton or viola di bordone or viola di pardone, may be clasified like a viola da gamba d'amore. Because, moreover having six or seven bowed gut strings, it has between nine and twentytwo simpathetic metal strings under the handle. These strings not only helps to encrease the sonority of the instrument, make it mor brillant and with more presence, but also can be plucked with the left hand thumb.
Thus the baryton can be considered as a combination of two instruments: a viol and a harp. To play with the bow and pluck the strings at the same time is however a very dificult chanllenge that just a few come to dominate, and may be this is the reason because the instrument had an scarce number of players and composers through the centuries.
Although its origins lie in the seventeenth century, the golden age of baryton took place in the court of Joseph Haydn's patron: Prince Nikolaus Esterházy (1714 – 1790). The Prince loved tremendously the baryton, being a player himself. Several musicians got some reputation as baryton players (Joseph Weigl, Andreas Lidl, Carl Franz and Haydn himself). As Eisenstadt Musical Director, Haydn was asked to write a considerable amount of baryton music for several ensamble configurations. Between the nearly 175 works, 123 were writen for baryton, bratche viol and cello, and are known like baryton trios. We find more samples of baryton music writen by other composers that worked around Esterházy court: Luigi Tomasini, Joseph Pucksteiner, Anton Kraft and Anton Neumann.

http://www.leopoldoperezrobledo.com/ofertateclados.html
http://www.leopoldoperezrobledo.com/baryton_mcrom-lprobledo.html
http://matiascrom.blogspot.com/

Hamamatsu [Museu de Instrumentos Musicais de Hamamatsu]

Hamamatsu [Museu de Instrumentos Musicais de Hamamatsu] - ver foto







[AGUARDE]

Esterhazy Baryton Trio

- Esterhazy Baryton Trio 1 (de ...) tem 6 + 8 (?) cordas [capa LP EMI] - cabeça de mulher e 1 chama longa

- Esterhazy Baryton Trio 2 (de ...) tem 20 (?) cordas no total: 6 + (?) cordas [capa LP EMI] [tb. outro LP EMI] -

parece ser o cabeça de leão


confirmar se é o mesmo:
EsterhazyEnsemble_Michael and Mária Brüssing (barytone)








[AGUARDE]

Haydn Baryton Trio (de Balázs Kakuk)

- Haydn Baryton Trio (de Balázs Kakuk) tem 6 (?) + 11 ou 12 (?) cordas [capa LP Hungaroten(?) e +?]











[AGUARDE]

Kurt Hoyer 1977, baseado em JJ Stadlmann 1750

Baryton atual feito por Kurt Hoyer, 1977, baseado em J. J. Stadlmann, ca. 1750, encontrado no site orpheon.org. Faz parte da Coleção de José Vasquez.

At the exhibition in the Castle of Kremsegg, Upper Austria.

Peter Hütmannsberger [luthier austríaco moderno]

- Peter Hütmannsberger [luthier austríaco moderno] parece ter 18 cordas (7 + 11) [cravelhame duplo, com a

divisão central; cavaletes individuais para cordas simpáticas; chamas duplas e opostas no tampo; cabeça fundida

de anjo e monstro, tétrica]








[AGUARDE]

Ferdinand Wilhelm Jaura (luthier) 1934 baseado em Simon Schodler (luthier) 1782 [do José Vásquez]

Baryton trio in Tenerife, 2005: José Vázquez, Christa Opriessnig, Lúcia Krommer

O baryton de Ferdinand Wilhelm Jaura (luthier) 1934 [hoje pertencente a José Vásquez], baseado em Simon Schodler (luthier) 1782, parece ter 6 + 12 (?) cordas.

[cabeça de homem barbado (parece um dos profetas do Aleijadinho); reforço frontal e entalhado no "meio" do cravelhame; escala entalhada; roseta, que fica quase escondida sob a escala; beirada em duas cores; cavalete inferior na transversal; cordas presas na culatra (pinos, provavelmente); 3 gomos na culatra; os furos harmônicos no tampo são chamas duplas e opostas]; outros detalhes:

Comprimento do corpo: 650 mm
Largura superior: 309 mm
Largura central: 219 mm
Largura inferior: 378 mm
Altura das faixas: 123 mm
Corda vibrante: 663 mm


- Christian Döbereiner (1874-1961) posa com ele para artista pintar quadro, mas o artista muda a escultura (ele pinta a escultura de dois anjos em lugar do homem barbado -- por quê?); esse do quadro passa a ser o seguinte:


- Na foto de Döbereiner posando para uma tela, ele segura o mesmo baryton acima, mas na tela ele aparece com outro baryton, que Vásquez afirma ser também de Jaura, mas com duas cabeças de anjos na escultura do cravelhame em lugar do homem barbado; a parte reta da "escala" tem o mesmo desenho esculpida em baixo-relevo do baryton acima; Vásquez está tentando localizar esse da tela.


- Döbereiner em outra foto examina um baryton do Museu de Munique - tem umas 24 cordas
[com cavalete transversal; roseta; "escala reta" parecendo sem ornatos, na foto]:


- a foto seguinte é de um homem de bigode esculpido em cravelhame de uma viola d'amore de Ferdinand W.
Jaura 1934 baseado em Schodler 1782:

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Texto do site de Vásquez em orpheon.org:

The correct name for this instrument is actually “Viola di Pardone”. The story has it, that a criminal awaiting his execution in an English dungeon invented this adorable instrument. The Lord, when he experienced him playing upon it, was so thrilled that he instantly pardonned him, from whence the name. A baryton is basically a viola da gamba of six or seven strings, but provided with a large number (varies greatly between models) of thin, metal strings running behind the fingerboard that cannot be played with the bow, but resonate magically when the upper strings are bowed, much like the viola d’amore. But what’s more, these metal strings can be ably plucked by the thumb of the left hand while one bows the upper strings, thus providing one’s own accompaniment, a feat that many try but only few succeed! Prince Esterhazy was a passionate player of the viola di pardone, summoned the best soloists to his court and overwhelmed his composers with commissions for more works for it; thanks to this we now possess a rich repertoire for the instrument; Haydn alone composed at least 126 trios, a few duets, octets, etc. which are veritable gems.

Christian Döbereiner ordered this baryton from the able Munich violin maker, Ferdinand Wilhelm Jaura in 1934 and in 1936 the very first performance in modern times with a baryton took place in Munich – on our instrument, of course – Trio in D-Major by Haydn, played by Döbereiner himself. A critic from this concert appeared early in 1937 and can be seen on the Orpheon website.


A prominent soloists who previously owned and played this baryton: Christian Döbereiner (1874-1961):

[photo]


Christian Döbereiner was portrayed in oil with a baryton. Very puzzling detail: in the photograph he is holding the baryton in our collection: the head is of a bearded man. However, in the oil painting, the baryton shown, also by Jaura, has two angels' heads; this instrument exists also today. We are trying to trace its present location. Why did the painter exchange the barytons?


[photos]

A photograph of Christian Döbereiner, examining a baryton in the museum in Munich. In addition to championing the viol in Germany and the USA, Mr. Döbereiner also authored one of the first tutors for playing on the viol da gamba, which was published very early into the 20th C. He edited a substantial number of works for the viola da gamba and for the baryton.

Concert in October, 1936:

"Christian Döbereiner brachte als Dirigent des Münchner Bach-Vereins Werke von J. S. Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, Franz Xaver Richter, Johann Stamitz, Johann Christian Bach und Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart zur Wiedergabe. Ferner spielte er zum 1. Mal seit urdenklichen Zeiten das Baryton, nämlich im Divertimento für Baryton, Viola und Bass von Joseph Haydn. "

"As director of the Munich Bach Society Christian Döbreiner performed works by J. S. Bach, Antonio Vivaldi, Franz Xaver Richter, Johann Stamitz, Johann Christian Bach and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Further he played for the first time since time immemorial the Baryton, namely, in the Divertimento for baryton, viola and bass by Joseph Haydn."

This performance took place undoubtedly on the baryton in our collection, which was at the time exactly one to two years old! Döbereiner was the one that actually commissioned this baryton from the Munich violin-maker, Ferdinand Wilhelm Jaura. Jaura made exaclty four barytons.


Sehr geehrter Herr Professor Vazquez,
Hallo Claudine

in der Anlage sende ich die 2. Seite des Baryton-Konzertes vom 31.8.1937. Meines Wissens war dies das 1. Konzert meines Großvaters mit Baryton.
Ich freue mich, daß dieses Instrument in Ihren Händen ist. Meine Tante Christine Döbereiner hat es damals unter der Bedingung verkauft, dass der Käufer auf diesem Instrument auch spielen kann. Denn ein Instrument soll, so wurde mir gesagt, ohne gespielt zu werden, seinen Klang verlieren.
Vielen Dank nochmals und herzliche Grüße nach Wien und Frankreich
Ihr

Klaus Döbereiner (grandson of Christian Döbereiner)

http://www.orpheon.org/oldsite/seiten/Instruments/other/baryton.htm

Adolphe Gutche (luthier) Berlim, final séc.19 (Museu de Fine Arts de Boston)






* * * * * * *

Texto no site do museu:

Baryton

Berlin, Germany
Dimensions
Length 127.4 cm, width 37.3 cm (Length 50 3/16 in., width 14 11/16 in.)
Medium or Technique
Maple, spruce, ebony
Classification
Musical instruments
Deep body of complicated curved outline (modified guitar-fiedel type). Flat back of maple, made of one large piece. Ribs of maple: the ribs of the lower bouts fixed to a solid block of maple composing the outer portion of the bottom block. Slightly arched belly of pine, with a double purfling at the edges; four comma-shaped sound-holes; an oval rosette below the finger- board. Neck and peg-box made of one solid piece of maple; the neck with a wide opening, providing the clearance for the sympathetic strings; peg-box with the rear wall pierced with four ornamental openings, surmounted with a winged Cupid's head; bored for nineteen pegs. The opening of the neck covered over in front by a wide board, forming the support for the finger-board located at the left side of neck; the right-hand side of this board embellished by the open fret-work and double purfling. Finger-board of ebony nine frets of walnut, inlaid flush. Ebony hook-bar affixed to the bottom block. Tail-piece of ebony with open fret-work. Movable bridge with widely separated legs providing clearance for sympathetic strings. Twelve ebony blocks affixed as follows: 1. Six playing strings, three of spun silk, three of gut fixed to the tail-piece, passing over a movable bridge, over ebony nut with a narrow ivory insert and fixed at the upper end to six tuning pegs located on the left side of instrument. 2. Thirteen sympathetic strings of thin steel wire affixed to small iron pins in the bottom block, passing over the ebony saddle, and over ebony blocks (one for each string) serving as auxiliary bridges; under the neck supporting board so that they are accessible from the rear; over a wide nut fixed to the bottom wall of peg-box, to the pegs. Inside construction: Very wide top block providing a flat surface for holding the neck bracket. The lower block, consisting of two parts: the above-mentioned maple block and reinforcing block of pine. Corner joints of ribs reinforced by pine blocks. Back heavily reinforced as follows (counting from the top): (a) cross-bar with two corner pieces; (b) cross-strip 3 cm. wide and 6 mm. thick; (c) cross-bar in the middle bout; (d) cross-strip (under the sound-post) 5 cm. wide and 6 mm. thick; (e) cross-bar slightly below the joint of the middle and lower bouts. Bass bar and sound-post.

Inscription

Printed label: Adolf Gutche / Lauten und Geigenmacher / in Berlin 18

Provenance

Francis W. Galpin (1858-1945), Hatfield Regis, England; 1916, sold by Francis W. Galpin to William Lindsey (1858-1922), Boston, Massachusetts; 1916, gift of William Lindsey, in memory of his daughter, Leslie Lindsey Mason, to the MFA. (Accession Date: October 5, 1916)

Credit Line

Leslie Lindsey Mason Collection


http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/baryton-50255

Simon Schödler (luthier) 1782

[pesquisando...]

J. J. Stadlmann (luthier) 1750 (?)

- J. J. Stadlmann 1750 (?) tem